Vocabulary+-+Genetics

= = = __Vocabulary: Genetics__ = = = = __*Vocabulary For DNA:__ =


 * = == ** Chromosome: A double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information ** == ||= == [[image:RAN_@.jpeg]] == ||


 * = == ** Nucleus: A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell's activities ** == ||= == [[image:images-1.jpeg]] == ||


 * = == ** DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information that about an organism and its passed form parents to offsprings. ** == ||= == [[image:images-2.jpeg]] == ||


 * = == ** Nucleic Acids: Very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus ** == ||= == [[image:images-3.jpeg]] == ||

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 * == ** RNA: Ribonucleic Acid; a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins. ** == || ==


 * == ** Cytosine: A compound found in living tissue as a constituent base of nucleic acid. It is paired with guanine in double stranded DNA. ** == || == [[image:images.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Thymine: A compound that is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acid, A pyrimidine derivative, it is paired with adeline in double stranded DNA. ** == || == [[image:images-1.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Guanine: A compound that occurs in guano and fish scales, and is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acid. ** == || == [[image:images-2.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** DNA replication: The basis for biological inheritance, is a fundamental process occurring in all living organism to copy their DNA ** == || == [[image:images-3.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Gene: A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristics, coded by genes. ** == || == [[image:images-4.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Double Helix: A pair of paralleled helices intertwined about a common axis, that in the structure of the DNA molecule. ** ==

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 * == ** Nitrogen Bases: A nitrogenous (nitrogen containing) base is an organic compond that owes its property as a base to the lone pair of electrons of a nitrogen atom. ** ==

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 * ==== ** Base Pairs: ** A pair of complementary bases in a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule, consisting of a purine in one strand linked by hydrogen bonds to a pyrimidine in the other. Cytosine always pairs with guanine, and adenine with thymine (in DNA) or uracil (in RNA) ==== || == [[image:11111.png]] == ||


 * === ** Hydrogen Bond: ** A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other === || == [[image:hiiii.jpeg]] == ||


 * === ** Adenine: ** A compound that is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. A purine derivative,it is paired with thymine in double-stranded DNA === || == [[image:adelnin.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Cell Division: ** The division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material == || == [[image:cell.jpeg]] == ||


 * == ** Chromatid: ** ==

Each of the two thread like strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA
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 * == ** Cell Division: ** ==

The division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material
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 * == ** Mitosis: The stage of a cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed into each daughter cell. ** == || [[image:Mito.jpeg]] ||


 * == Meiosis: The process that occurs in information of sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosones is reduced by half. == || [[image:Meio.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Identical: Two of the same ** == || [[image:f_and_g.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Replication: The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus. ** == || [[image:rep.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Variation: Any difference between individual of the same species. ** == || [[image:varay.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Chromosome: A double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. ** == || [[image:chromo.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Sex cells: (Reproduction Cell) ** ==

a spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation
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 * == ** Cell cycle: The regular sequence of growth and division that the cells undergo. ** == || [[image:cell_cycle.jpeg]] ||


 * == ** Centromere: ** ==

The point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division
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 * == ** Asexual Reproduction: ** ==

A method of reproduction in which genetically identical offspring are produced from a single parent; occurs by many mechanisms, including fission, budding, and fragmentation.
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== The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete that travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female) == || ||
 * == ** Sexual Reproduction: ** ==